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Introduction. The article deals with the method of grammatical analysis-morphemic analysis of the lexeme. Grammatical analysis-types of analysis of language units, among which one of the most difficult and important is the analysis of words by composition (morphemic analysis). The importance of morphemic analysis is due to the fact that the use of many spelling rules requires the skill of parsing words by composition. In the implementation of morphemic analysis, or analysis of the word on the composition in order to prevent errors, it is necessary to adhere to a certain technique.
Materials and methods. The main methods and techniques of studying the question of methods of conducting morphemic analysis of the lexemes in the basic school were the analysis of scientific and methodological literature, data processing, generalization, systematization of experience, the description of the algorithm of morphemic analysis.
Results. The essence of morphemic analysis is revealed, approaches to this type of analysis are described, typical errors are revealed, the method of analysis is defined.
Discussion. Morphemic analysis of the word can be carried out from two positions: from the position of structural and from the position of structural and semantic. The essence of the formal approach is that first the root is released, then the morphemes that are before and after the root morpheme. During the formal analysis, the student tries to find familiar morphemes and on this basis distinguishes them, this is facilitated by the fact that the morphemes are basically the same type and their occurrence in other words is high. There is another approach – structural and semantic, in which the approach to the morphemic analysis of the lexeme is more progressive: in this case, the morpheme is considered as a structural, repeatable unit, and as a unit having lexical and grammatical meaning, or only lexical or grammatical.
Conclusion. Error-free division of the lexeme into significant parts (morphemes) is not possible without a consistent allocation of morphemes in it, taking into account their values, the relationship between the derivative and the producing word. Only the structural-semantic approach allows to eliminate the error in the morphemic division of the word as much as possible or completely. It is necessary to adhere to the proposed method using the algorithm of morphemic analysis of the word.
morphemic analysis, morpheme, prefix, root, suffix, ending, zero ending, word basis, structural approach, structural-semantic approach
- the essence of morphemic analysis is considered;
- the order of morphemic analysis is defined;
- the features of morphemic analysis of lexemes, difficulties and typical errors were studied.
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