Introduction. Based on the analysis of current theoretical and empirical studies, the article considers the foundations of innovation as an element of the transformation of educational technologies.

Materials and methods. The main method of research is a historiographic analysis of the problem of the formation of innovations in education, the periodization of this process in Russia. The methodological basis of the article was made up of both general scientific methods — formal and dialectical logic, system analysis, and special methods — comparative law and historicism.

Results. Based on the historiographic analysis of leading trends in the development of innovation activity in the Russian education system, we defined the category of “innovative activity” in relation to educational processes, identified periods of development of these innovations and described the opportunities for innovation activity at each stage.

Discussion. The presented theoretical grounds for studying the problem of the development of innovations in Russia make it possible to effectively implement pedagogical and managerial tools for introducing innovations in the professional education system. We substantiated that innovation in the modern conditions of transformation of the entire system is one of the foundations of its effectiveness.

Conclusion. The process of innovation development is a prerequisite for the formation of new educational results and requires a rethinking of the methodology for organizing the professional training of a modern teacher, the head of an educational organization.

The category “innovative activity” has been defined;

Presented by opportunities of innovative activities at each stage of the formation of innovations in Russia;

The periodization of the process of formation and development of innovative activity in education in Russia is presented.

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